India wepan

India Defence Industry Produce Variant INSAS Assault Rifle

10:53 PM

Time Zero

In January 2001, the Government of India initiated a series of major initiatives that, among others, included Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) up to about 26 percent and full private participation in certain sectors in the defence industry7. This policy indeed marks a critical departure from the past. Followed by this, the Group of Ministers (GoM) Report on ‘Reforming the National Security System’ was made public in early 2001. This laid stress on reforms in all-encompassing aspects of national security, of which changes sought in higher defence management emphasised the need to create specific institutions like the Defence Acquisitions Board8 to adapt and facilitate changing needs of the defence industry.

The latest generation Indian Small Arms Systems (INSAS), the 105mm light field gun, mortars, carbines, light machine guns, and related ammunition were produced in several of OFs. Of note is the latest generation of 5.56mm INSAS assault rifle, which is said to be an equivalent of an AK- assault rifle. Production of all these systems were going on with average to expected turnover during the 1990s.

The Indian Army introduced their first 5.56mm rifle family with the INSAS (INdian Small Arms System) built in the state-owned Ordnance Factories Board (OFB) in the late 1990s. The Indian Army initially wanted to
buy 528,000 rifles and 37,600 squad support weapons. The 1B1 assault rifle with 464 mm barrel and three-round burst fire option with fixed and folding stocks and the 1B2 automatic rifle with 535 mm barrel were introduced in 1998.

The INSAS first saw combat in 1999 during the armed conflict in Kargil. The Army reported that the INSAS rifles had some reliability problems in that cold climate, although the OFB stated that it had fixed these malfunctions. The INSAS design is strongly influenced by the AK assault rifle, combined with some features of the 1A1 (Indian FN FAL) battle rifle. There are at least three other INSAS variants under development: the Excalibur rifle with 400 mm barrel, and full auto mode, the Kalantak carbine with 330 mm barrel and MINSAS submachine gun fed by a 5.56x30 mm cartridge.

The Ishapore designers similar to the Chinese Type 86 and South Korean XK8/DAR-21 attempts also were trying to convert their standard assault rifle INSAS to a bullpup variant, and manufactured several prototypes, but the status of this development is still unknown. New weapons may also be introduced with India’s future Future Infantry Soldier As A System (F-INSAS) programme.

The coming year in Asia will be dominated by India’s enormous new weapon tenders. The small arms side of the F-INSAS (Future Infantry Soldier As A System) project is to buy over 43,318 Close Quarter Battle
(CQB) carbines from abroad plus the manufacture of another 116,764 of them in India under a transfer-of-technology agreement. The Request for Information was announced in January. Moreover, India wants to purchase over 10,730 lightweight assault rifles for their special forces and the OFB wants to manufacture 218,320 modular carbines, easier to operate than full length assault rifles.

Artillery

Name	Type	Quantity	Origin	Notes
Haubits FH77/B	Howitzer	410	Sweden	155 mm gun made by Bofors. 100 are not in good repair, and therefore not in service.
M-46	Howitzer	140	Soviet Union/ Israel	M-46 field guns to be upgraded to 155mm howitzers by Soltam. 220 more upgrade kits to be ordered.
D-30	Howitzer		Soviet Union	Being replaced by the M-46.
M-46	Field gun	450	Soviet Union	130 mm field gun. 550 purchased. 100 used with the Catapult self-propelled gun. Some to be upgraded to M-46 howitzers.
Indian Field Gun	Field gun		India	105mm gun Being replaced by the M-46122 mm
Light Field Gun	Field gun		India	105mm gun. Being phased out.
FV433 Abbot SPG	Self-propelled artillery	~80	United Kingdom	105 mm howitzer. To be replaced following selection of new system.
M-46 Catapult	Self-propelled artillery	~20	India
Smerch 9K58 MBRL	Multiple rocket launcher	62	Soviet Union	300 mm multiple rocket launch system.
Pinaka MBRL	Multiple rocket launcher	80	India	214 mm multiple rocket launch system. Replacing the 122 mm BM-21.^[21]
BM-21	Multiple rocket launcher	150	Soviet Union	Modernized rockets with range of 40 km was purchased from Russia. To be replaced by Pinaka.
9A52-2 "Smerch" launch vehicle A Haubits FH77 Pinaka MBRL

[edit] Missile systems

[edit] Anti-tank guided missiles

Name	Type	Origin	Notes
Nag	Anti-tank guided missile	India	Third Generation fire and forget IIR Guided ATGM developed Indigenously. Its has been ordered by army. Nag was cleared for production on 1st week of July 2009 .443 missiles were ordered.
MILAN	Anti-tank guided missile	France/ India	MILAN 30,000 produced under license in India. MILAN 2Ts purchased from France^[22]
9M113 Konkurs (AT-5 Spandrel)	Anti-tank guided missile	Soviet Union
9M133 Kornet (AT-14 Spriggan)	Anti-tank guided missile	Russia
9M111 Fagot (AT-4 Spigot)	Anti-tank guided missile	Soviet Union	In process of being phased out
FGM-148 Javelin	Anti-tank guided missile	United States	On order.
Spike (missile)	Anti-tank guided missile	Israel	On order(8,356 Spike anti-tank missiles with 321 launchers, 15 training simulators and associated equipment.).^[23]
9M119 Svir (AT-11 Sniper)	Anti-tank guided missile	Soviet Union	For use with the T-90S.
Lahat	Anti-tank guided missile	Israel	For use with the Arjun.
Nag missile and the Nag missile carrier (NAMICA) MILAN, 2007 9M133 Kornet

[edit] Ballistic and cruise missiles

Name	Type	Quantity	Origin	Notes
Brahmos	Cruise missile	110	India/ Russia	300 km range.
Prithvi-I, II, III	Short-range ballistic missile	135	India	150/ 250/ 350 km range.
Agni-I	Medium-range ballistic missile		India	700 – 800 km range.
Shaurya	'''Hypersonic Glide Missile'''		India	700 – 1900 km range.
Agni-II	Intermediate-range ballistic missile		India	2000 – 3500 km range.
Agni-III	ICBM		India	3500 – 6000 km range.
Agni-II

[edit] Air defence missiles and Systems

Name	Type	Quantity	Origin	Notes
Prithvi Air Defense (PAD)	Anti-ballistic missile		India	Exoatmospheric (outside the atmosphere) interceptor system
Advanced Air Defence (AAD)	Anti-ballistic missile		India	Endo atmospheric (within the atmosphere) interceptor system
S-300PMU-2^[24]	Strategic Surface-to-air missile		Soviet Union	Still not officially acknowledged.
SA-5 Gammon^[25]	Strategic SAM system		Soviet Union	It is designed to defend large areas from bomber attack or other strategic aircraft. Still not officially acknowledged.
Akash	Surface-to-air missile		India	Indigenously developed surface to air missile to replace SA6.
SA-6 Gainful	Surface-to-air missile		Soviet Union	The Indian Army has sought to upgrade its SA-6 Kvadrat and SA-8 Missile systems whilst the Akash enters service. The Indian magazine "Strategic Affairs " (No. 0011/ Issue: December 16) noted: "Poland has won an order worth $200 m from India to upgrade 100 Kvadrat (SA6) and 50 OSA-AKM (SA8) mobile surface to air missiles. The contract made public in August, is to be completed by 2002. The upgrades include integration of new radars, communications and control systems, improvements to the launch vehicle including new power packs. The Kvadrat upgrade includes new electronics for better electronic counter measures, passive infra-red search and track sensors."
SA-8 Gecko	Surface-to-air missile		Soviet Union
SA-13 Gopher	Surface-to-air missile		Soviet Union
Bofors L/70	Anti-aircraft artillery		Sweden	40mm gun. Upgraded L/60.
ZSU-23-2	Anti-aircraft artillery	800	Soviet Union	Twin 23 mm AA guns
Tunguska M1^[26]	Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon	108	Soviet Union
ZSU-23-4M 'Shilka'	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun	100^{[citation needed]}	Soviet Union	To be upgraded.
9K35 Strela-10 Akash SAM SA-6 Gainful SA-8 Gecko

[edit] Aircraft

This is a list of aircraft of the Indian Army. For the list of aircraft of the Indian Air Force, see List of aircraft of the Indian Air Force.

Aircraft	Origin	Type	Versions	In service^[27]	Notes
HAL Dhruv	India	utility helicopter		~45	To acquire 105+ more Dhruv in next 5 years.
Aérospatiale Alouette III	India	utility helicopter	SA 316B Chetak	120	built by HAL
Aérospatiale Lama	India	utility helicopter	SA 315B Cheetah	48	built by HAL
IAI Searcher	Israel	reconnaissance UAV	IAI Searcher II	21
IAI Heron	Israel	reconnaissance UAV		31
DRDO Nishant	India	reconnaissance UAV		5	Delivery of 12 UAV's in 2007.

[edit] Future Procurements

[edit] Vehicles

Mahindra AXE

Mahindra Axe - Light utility vehicle to be purchased.^{[citation needed]}
Kroton - Possible sale of 80 mine laying vehicles from Poland.^{[citation needed]}
Light Tank - 300 tanks (200 tracked 100 wheeled) to be deployed on china border^[28]
AHS Krab - Possible sale of 110 from Poland. Part of the deal that would also see the purchase of the Kroton and Loara.
PZA Loara Possible sale of 100 from Poland. Part of the deal that would also see the purchase of the Kroton and 2S1 Gvozdika.
BMP-2 based AKASH SAM carrier production started.
BMP-2 based 105mm Light tank to be manufactured
BMP-2 based NBC protected recon vehicle to be manufactured
TATA Light Specialist Vehicle - LSV with LMG, MMG to be purchased

[edit] Artillery and missile systems

Under the Field Artillery Rationalization Plan, Indian Army plans to procure 3000 to 4000 155 mm Towed, Wheeled and Tracked Artillery Systems.^[29]^[30] The requirement for artillery guns to be met with indigenous development and production.^[31]
M777 howitzer - 145 British designed howitzers were planned to be acquired, but the procurement process was restarted in July 2010. It is not now clear which howitzer the Indian government will purchase.^[32]^[33]
Agni-V - Intercontinental version of the Agni missile system. Under Development.

[edit] Infantry equipment

The TATA Groups contribution to F-INSAS.

Modern Sub Machine Carbine^[34]
Futuristic Infantry Soldier As a System(F-INSAS) is the Indian Army's principal modernization program from 2012 to 2020.In the first phase, to be completed by 2012,the infantry soldiers will be equipped with modular weapon systems that will have multi-functions.The Indian Army intends to modernize its entire 465 infantry and paramilitary battalions by 2020 with this program.
Indian Army has requirement for 300,000 modular body armour and ballistic helmets primarily for their Infantry regiments.RFI's have been issued.
1000 Anti materiel rifles are to acquired for which global RFI's have been issued by the MOD.
Army has issued RFI's for multi-caliber assault rifles probably to be used as the weapon system in the F-INSAS program.
Indian army is looking for a heavy machine gun, RFIs for a new HMG have been sent to agencies that include Rosoboronexport for the Degtyarev Kord 12.7mm HMG, General Dynamics for the still in-development M806 HMG and also the Browning M2E50^[35]

[edit] Aviation

Light Utility Helicopter: The Indian army has projected a requirement for up to 197 light helicopters to replace its aging fleet of Chetaks and Cheetahs. The Indian Army chose the Eurocopter AS 550 under a US$550 million contract in summer of 2007. Under this contract 60 helicopters were to be supplied from Eurocopter in fly-away condition and the rest were to be assembled by HAL in India. This order was later scrapped due to allegations of unfair field trials from competing company Bell Helicopters.^[36]^[37]

Five global helicopter majors are in the fray to sell India 197 multi-role, light helicopters, in a deal worth

3,000 crore (US$669 million). Eurocopter AS550 Fennec; Kamov Ka-226, Agusta A109 Power or A119 Koala and McDonnell Douglas Helicopter Systems (MD 520N) have been given time till 19 December 2008 to submit proposals.
Weighing less than three tonnes when armed, these multi-role, light turbine helicopters will replace the 1970s vintage Chetak and Cheetah helicopters operated by the Army Aviation Corps and the Air Force. They will undertake tasks such as reconnaissance and observation, casualty evacuation, electronic warfare, escort duties, anti-insurgency operations and ferrying personnel to and from the battlefield.
Of the 197 helicopters, which are to be bought in a fly away condition and via knock down kits, 133 are for the Army, while 64 will be delivered to the Air Force. The helicopter deal is part of a mega modernisation programme which will see the Army eventually receiving 197 helicopters and the Indian Air Force getting 188. The deal also includes an offset clause, under which the successful vendor must source defence-related goods and services to the value of 50 per cent of the deal from Indian companies.
The process — including discussions on offset proposals, technical evaluation, short-listing by the Defence Ministry, hot weather and winter trails — is expected to be completed by the middle of 2010.^[38]

Light Combat Helicopter:The LCH is a derivative of the HAL Dhruv, which was inducted into the Indian armed forces. Using a successful and proven helicopter as the base platform is expected to conserve the project costs for the LCH, which is pegged at 3.76 billion (US$83.8 million).^{[citation needed]}The LCH was expected to be ready for the Initial Operational Clearance (IOC) by December 2010 with the Final Operational Clearance (FOC) in 2011. However, the revised timeframes hold that the 5.5-tonne LCH should be ready for induction into IAF by 2012-2013.^[39] The first prototype of LCH completed its first ground run on February 4.^[when?]^[40] HAL has a firm order to deliver 65 LCH to the IAF and 114 to the Army.^[41]